Cathal Smyth is a machine learning researcher at Vanguard, a cybersecurity research lab within the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC). Cathal's research interests involve applying state-of-the-art AI methods to areas within cybersecurity, such as malicious code detection, as well as exploring security vulnerabilities within AI models themselves. Previously Cathal worked at Borealis AI, a general AI research group within RBC. There he worked on projects involving fraud detection, behavior prediction and fundamental research in deep learning. Cathal is a physicist. His published research focused on the role of quantum mechanics in photosynthesis, and on developing new measures of delocalization in noisy systems. Cathal obtained his PhD in physics at the University of Toronto, his BSc at the National University of Ireland, Maynooth, and held at a post-doctoral fellowship at the Fields Institute in Toronto.